Principales Barreras de Acceso al Sistema Sanitario de la Población Inmigrante en España.

Abstract

[ES]El objetivo principal de esta revisión bibliográfica es conocer las principales barreras y desigualdades que encuentra la población inmigrante en el acceso y uso del Sistema Nacional de Salud, prestando especial atención a las mujeres por tener que atender lo referente a su salud sexual y reproductiva y cargar con el peso de los aspectos socio-culturales con los que conviven. Estudios han demostrado la existencia de barreras como el idioma, la desinformación, el contexto socio-cultural…que generan desigualdades en la atención que reciben. También se ha demostrado la existencia de dificultades a la hora de prestar atención sanitaria por parte de los profesionales, los cuales apenas disponen de herramientas que les faciliten la tarea. Se hace pues necesario un aumento del estudio de ésta problemática para así poder abordarla de manera eficaz.

[EN]The main goal of this literature review is to know the main barriers and inequalities that the immigrant population has to access and use the National System of Health; emphasizing the attention to the sexual and reproductive health of the women as a vulnerable group. Researches show the existence of barriers that difficult the access of immigrants to the health services such as language, lack of information, cultural differences and psychosocial problems. This provokes existences of inequalities with regard to the attention and monitoring that this collective receives, especially the women, being that they have the need of managing and attending her sexual and reproductive health needs, having to go the health service more frequently and dealing with the socio-cultural context. These difficulties related to the attention are seen by the professionals that complain about the lack of tools to help this kind of collectives. Also, there is a lack of resources and researches to deepen on the problem and achieve new solutions for solving it either facilitating the access of immigrants to health services or providing professional tools to solve the problem effectively.