Neuroticismo y Extraversión como factores de personalidad y su relación con la ansiedad.
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2020-01-13
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Se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica sistemática a través de las principales bases de datos para estudiar los conceptos de Extraversión y Neuroticismo y sus bases biológicas, para a posterior, conocer su relación con la ansiedad. Se ha encontrado que el rasgo N hace referencia a la estabilidad emocional de los individuos, mostrando menor estabilidad a mayor puntuación y dependiendo de la actividad de regiones como el sistema límbico, el córtex del cíngulo anterior y la corteza prefrontal medial. El rasgo E hace referencia a las diferencias individuales en las relaciones sociales, hablando de Extraversión con puntuaciones altas, y de Introversión cuando son bajas. Se encuentra directamente relacionada con la actividad de regiones asociadas a los sistemas de arousal, el córtex orbitofrontal y la amígdala. Se ha encontrado una correlación directa entre ansiedad y altas puntuaciones en N y bajas en E de manera generalizada en los trastornos de ansiedad.
A systematic literature review was conducted using the main databases to study the concepts of Extraversion and Neuroticism and their biological bases, in order to subsequently understand their relationship with anxiety. It was found that the N trait refers to the emotional stability of individuals, showing less stability with higher scores and depending on the activity of regions such as the limbic system, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the medial prefrontal cortex. The E trait refers to individual differences in social relationships, with Extraversion associated with high scores and Introversion with low scores. It is directly related to the activity of regions associated with arousal systems, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the amygdala. A direct correlation was found between anxiety and high scores on N and low scores on E in general in anxiety disorders.
A systematic literature review was conducted using the main databases to study the concepts of Extraversion and Neuroticism and their biological bases, in order to subsequently understand their relationship with anxiety. It was found that the N trait refers to the emotional stability of individuals, showing less stability with higher scores and depending on the activity of regions such as the limbic system, the anterior cingulate cortex, and the medial prefrontal cortex. The E trait refers to individual differences in social relationships, with Extraversion associated with high scores and Introversion with low scores. It is directly related to the activity of regions associated with arousal systems, the orbitofrontal cortex, and the amygdala. A direct correlation was found between anxiety and high scores on N and low scores on E in general in anxiety disorders.