Efectos del cannabis en el glioblastoma multiforme. Revisión bibliográfica
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2024-05-10
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El glioblastoma multiforme es uno de los tumores cerebrales primarios más acometedores actualmente, con una esperanza de vida inferior, por lo general, a dos años y con una gran resistencia a los tratamientos convencionales, por lo que se explica su alta tasa de mortalidad. En cuanto a los tratamientos de los que se dispone hoy en día para abordar este tipo de tumor, destacan: la quimioterapia, radioterapia, y cirugía. Si bien es cierto, la quimioterapia es un tratamiento sistemático muy utilizado debido a su eficacia en ciertos tumores malignos. Sin embargo, refiere algunos efectos secundarios que afectan a la calidad de vida de los pacientes debido a que es una terapia invasiva. Desde hace unos años atrás, hemos sido testigos de noticias y artículos basados en los efectos terapéuticos del cannabis en pacientes oncológicos. Además, hemos podido saber de su potencial paliativo y antiemético. Es por ello que los objetivos de este trabajo consisten en identificar los beneficios de esta planta en este tipo de pacientes tanto en los efectos secundarios inducidos por la quimioterapia como en el crecimiento y desarrollo de las células cancerosas. Se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica de publicaciones de los últimos 5 años, en las bases de datos: Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cuiden, Cochrane y Medline, consiguiendo un total de 30 artículos. Además, de una segunda búsqueda en la que se han obtenido 10 artículos más. Los resultados muestran la relación existente entre los cannabinoides, el sistema endocannabinoide y los procesos cancerosos que sufren las células. Llegando a la conclusión del potencial terapéutico que presenta el cannabis, y aunque ha sido demostrado su efecto, resulta necesario continuar investigando acerca de las propiedades de esta planta sobre el cáncer.
The glioblastoma multiforme is one of the primary aggressive brain tumors that we can find nowadays, with the life expectation below two years, generally, and with great resistance to conventional treatments, which explains its great mortality rate. As far as the treatments at its disposal nowadays go, we can highlight: chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. It is true that chemotherapy is a systematic treatment widely used due to its efficiency in certain malignant tumours. However, it has several secondary effects which affect the quality of life in the patients, as it is an invasive therapy. Since some years ago, we have been witnesses to news and articles based on the therapeutic effects of cannabis on cancer patients. We have also got to know of its palliative and antiemetic potential. It is due to this that the aim of this piece of work is to identify the benefits of this plant in this type of patients, not only in the secondary effects induced by the chemotherapy but also in the growth and development of the cancer cells. A bibliographical review of publications from the last 5 years has been done, in the database: Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cuiden, Cochrane and Medline, with a total of 30 articles. Ace well, a second search which has found an extra 10 articles. The results show the existing relationship between the cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system and the cancer process the cells suffer. Coming to the conclusion of the therapeutic potential we can find in cannabis, and although its effect has been proven, it is necessary to continue investigating the properties this plant has on cancer.
The glioblastoma multiforme is one of the primary aggressive brain tumors that we can find nowadays, with the life expectation below two years, generally, and with great resistance to conventional treatments, which explains its great mortality rate. As far as the treatments at its disposal nowadays go, we can highlight: chemotherapy, radiotherapy and surgery. It is true that chemotherapy is a systematic treatment widely used due to its efficiency in certain malignant tumours. However, it has several secondary effects which affect the quality of life in the patients, as it is an invasive therapy. Since some years ago, we have been witnesses to news and articles based on the therapeutic effects of cannabis on cancer patients. We have also got to know of its palliative and antiemetic potential. It is due to this that the aim of this piece of work is to identify the benefits of this plant in this type of patients, not only in the secondary effects induced by the chemotherapy but also in the growth and development of the cancer cells. A bibliographical review of publications from the last 5 years has been done, in the database: Pubmed, Scopus, Cinahl, Web of Science, Cuiden, Cochrane and Medline, with a total of 30 articles. Ace well, a second search which has found an extra 10 articles. The results show the existing relationship between the cannabinoids, the endocannabinoid system and the cancer process the cells suffer. Coming to the conclusion of the therapeutic potential we can find in cannabis, and although its effect has been proven, it is necessary to continue investigating the properties this plant has on cancer.