Los anticuerpos monoclonales y su uso en el diagnóstico e investigación
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2023-06-07
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
Los anticuerpos son glicoproteínas, componentes moleculares y humorales del sistema inmune, que tienen la capacidad de reconocer y bloquear virus, bacterias, parásitos u hongos. Los anticuerpos monoclonales, los cuales son producidos por los linfocitos B, han producido una revolución en el diagnóstico y tratamiento de numerosas enfermedades como es el caso del Dengue. El Dengue es la enfermedad viral transmitida por vectores de mayor importancia en el mundo. Debido a que no existe vacuna hasta el momento, el diagnóstico temprano y específico es la única herramienta para brindar un tratamiento rápido y oportuno al paciente. La proteína no estructural 1 (NS1) del virus del Dengue es un objetivo útil para el diagnóstico de la infección ya que circula abundantemente por la sangre durante la fase aguda tanto en infecciones primarias como secundarias. Otras alternativas de pruebas confirmativas son el aislamiento viral, la detección de antígenos o de secuencias genómicas virales en muestras de suero o las técnicas serológicas.
Antibodies are glycoproteins, molecular and humoral components of the immune system, which have the capacity to recognize and block viruses, bacterias, parasites or fungis. Monoclonal antibodies, which are produced by B lymphocytes, have produced a revolution in the diagnosis and treatment of numerous diseases such as Dengue. Dengue is the most important vector-borne viral disease in the world. Since there is no vaccine so far, early and specific diagnosis is the only tool to provide prompt and timely treatment to the patient. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the Dengue virus is a useful target for the diagnosis of the infection since it circulates abundantly in the blood during the acute phase in both primary and secondary infections. Other alternative confirmatory tests include viral isolation, detection of antigens or viral genomic sequences in serum samples, or serological techniques.
Antibodies are glycoproteins, molecular and humoral components of the immune system, which have the capacity to recognize and block viruses, bacterias, parasites or fungis. Monoclonal antibodies, which are produced by B lymphocytes, have produced a revolution in the diagnosis and treatment of numerous diseases such as Dengue. Dengue is the most important vector-borne viral disease in the world. Since there is no vaccine so far, early and specific diagnosis is the only tool to provide prompt and timely treatment to the patient. The non-structural protein 1 (NS1) of the Dengue virus is a useful target for the diagnosis of the infection since it circulates abundantly in the blood during the acute phase in both primary and secondary infections. Other alternative confirmatory tests include viral isolation, detection of antigens or viral genomic sequences in serum samples, or serological techniques.