Influencia del sobrepeso y la obesidad materna en el resultado obstétrico
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2024-05-08
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El exceso de peso está presente en la población general, existe una tendencia que va en aumento entre las mujeres embarazadas. Entre las posibles causas, se ha identificado los trabajos de naturaleza sedentaria, la creciente urbanización y mayor uso de medios de transporte. El objetivo de esta revisión bibliográfica es identificar las repercusiones derivadas del exceso de peso durante el embarazado tanto para la mujer gestante como para el feto. Para ello, se ha realizado una revisión de la literatura durante los meses de noviembre de 2022 y mayo de 2023 en distintas bases de datos de ciencias de la salud. Han sido incluidos 15 artículos que dan respuesta al objetivo planteado mostrando distintas consecuencias del peso excesivo. Los resultados obtenidos reflejan que tener obesidad y/o sobrepeso durante el embarazo puede asociarse a una mayor probabilidad de desarrollo de diabetes gestacional, hipertensión gestacional, cesárea, macrosomía, dar a luz bebés grandes para la edad gestacional, entre otros. Por tanto, es imprescindible recibir atención médica prenatal continuada para mantener una correcta alimentación y grado de actividad física, así como identificar complicaciones de manera precoz
Excess weight is preset in the general population, there is a trend that is increasing among pregnant women. Among the possible causes, jobs of sedentary nature, the growing urbanization and greater use of means of transport have been identified. The objective of this bibliographical review is to identify the repercussions derived from excess weight during pregnancy for both the pregnant women and the fetus. For this, a review of the literature has been carried out during the months of November 2022 and May 2023 in different health science databases. 15 articles have been included that respond to the proposed objective showing different consequences of excessive weight. The results obtained reflect that being obese and/or overweight during pregnancy can be associated with a greater probability of developing gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean section, macrosomia, giving birth to babies large for gestational age, among others. Therefore, it is essential to receive continuous prenatal medical attention to maintain a correct diet and degree of physical activity, as well as to identify complications early.
Excess weight is preset in the general population, there is a trend that is increasing among pregnant women. Among the possible causes, jobs of sedentary nature, the growing urbanization and greater use of means of transport have been identified. The objective of this bibliographical review is to identify the repercussions derived from excess weight during pregnancy for both the pregnant women and the fetus. For this, a review of the literature has been carried out during the months of November 2022 and May 2023 in different health science databases. 15 articles have been included that respond to the proposed objective showing different consequences of excessive weight. The results obtained reflect that being obese and/or overweight during pregnancy can be associated with a greater probability of developing gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension, cesarean section, macrosomia, giving birth to babies large for gestational age, among others. Therefore, it is essential to receive continuous prenatal medical attention to maintain a correct diet and degree of physical activity, as well as to identify complications early.