Análisis de la variabilidad de la generación de energía solar PV en España
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2023-05-29
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
En los próximos años el sistema eléctrico español va a tener una elevada contribución de la energía solar PV. Estudiar su variabilidad es fundamental de cara a que el sistema sea fiable. En este trabajo se analiza la variabilidad de la generación PV en España, incluyendo sus causas, a lo largo del periodo 2007‐2021. El análisis se lleva a cabo en escalas mensual, estacional e interanual, usando datos horarios reales de factor de ocupación. Para ello, en la primera parte del trabajo se llevó a cabo un proceso de corrección del efecto de deterioro de las instalaciones PV a lo largo del tiempo. Los resultados muestran una acusada variabilidad mensual y estacional, causada por el ciclo solar y asociada a la viabilidad de la radiación solar. Adicionalmente, se encontró una muy acusada variabilidad interanual de la generación, con cambios de más de un 10%, asociada al ciclo de la NAO.
In the coming years, the Spanish electrical system will have a high contribution of PV solar energy. Studying its variability is essential in order for the system to be reliable. This work analyzes the variability of PV generation in Spain, including its causes, throughout the period 2007‐2021. The analysis is carried out on monthly, seasonal and inter‐annual scales, using actual hourly capacity factor data. To this end, in the first part of the work, the so called “aging” effect of the PV plants was corrected. The results show a marked monthly and seasonal variability, caused by the solar cycle and associated with the viability of solar radiation. Additionally, a marked interannual variability of generation was found, with changes of more than 10% associated with the NAO cycle.
In the coming years, the Spanish electrical system will have a high contribution of PV solar energy. Studying its variability is essential in order for the system to be reliable. This work analyzes the variability of PV generation in Spain, including its causes, throughout the period 2007‐2021. The analysis is carried out on monthly, seasonal and inter‐annual scales, using actual hourly capacity factor data. To this end, in the first part of the work, the so called “aging” effect of the PV plants was corrected. The results show a marked monthly and seasonal variability, caused by the solar cycle and associated with the viability of solar radiation. Additionally, a marked interannual variability of generation was found, with changes of more than 10% associated with the NAO cycle.