Atención y cafeína
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2014-06-27
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El principal objetivo de esta investigación fue evaluar el efecto del consumo de cafeína y de la abstinencia de cafeína sobre funciones atencionales, utilizando para ello la prueba de evaluación "Attentional Networks Task" (ANT). Participaron en el estudio 116 estudiantes de tercero de Psicología, alumnos de Psicofarmacología, en condiciones de consumo de cafeína (dosis habitual, mañana y tarde), abstinencia en el consumo (sujetos que consumen habitualmente dos cafés al día, mañana y tarde, y que acudieron a la sesión sin hacerlo), y un grupo control sin hábito de consumo por esta sustancia. La prueba de evaluación se realizó entre las 16:30 y las 17:30 horas. Como variables dependientes se utilizaron el tiempo de reacción, la orientación, la alerta y la atención ejecutiva. Los resultados arrojaron diferencias entre los grupos con respecto a procesos atencionales tales como la red ejecutiva, la vigilancia y el tiempo de reacción, mientras que no aparecieron diferencias significativas con respecto a la orientación. Estos resultados sugieren que la interrupción del consumo habitual de cafeína puede interferir en el funcionamiento de la atención. Los hallazgos se comparan con estudios similares y se analizan en el marco de la psicofarmacología de las metilxantinas, una de las familias de sustancias psicoactivas más consumidas en el mundo actual.
The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of caffeine consumption and caffeine abstinence on attentional functions, using the Attentional Networks Task (ANT). One hundred and sixteen third-year Psychology students, enrolled in Psychopharmacology courses, participated in the study under conditions of caffeine consumption (usual dose, morning and afternoon), abstinence (subjects who regularly consume two cups of coffee per day, morning and afternoon, and who attended the session without consuming caffeine), and a control group with no caffeine consumption habits. The assessment was conducted between 4:30 and 5:30 PM. Reaction time, orientation, alertness, and executive attention were used as dependent variables. The results showed differences between the groups with respect to attentional processes such as the executive network, vigilance, and reaction time, while no significant differences were found with respect to orientation. These results suggest that discontinuing habitual caffeine consumption may interfere with attentional functioning. The findings are compared with similar studies and analyzed within the framework of the psychopharmacology of methylxanthines, one of the most consumed families of psychoactive substances in the world today.
The main objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of caffeine consumption and caffeine abstinence on attentional functions, using the Attentional Networks Task (ANT). One hundred and sixteen third-year Psychology students, enrolled in Psychopharmacology courses, participated in the study under conditions of caffeine consumption (usual dose, morning and afternoon), abstinence (subjects who regularly consume two cups of coffee per day, morning and afternoon, and who attended the session without consuming caffeine), and a control group with no caffeine consumption habits. The assessment was conducted between 4:30 and 5:30 PM. Reaction time, orientation, alertness, and executive attention were used as dependent variables. The results showed differences between the groups with respect to attentional processes such as the executive network, vigilance, and reaction time, while no significant differences were found with respect to orientation. These results suggest that discontinuing habitual caffeine consumption may interfere with attentional functioning. The findings are compared with similar studies and analyzed within the framework of the psychopharmacology of methylxanthines, one of the most consumed families of psychoactive substances in the world today.
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Psicología aplicada a los ámbitos clínico y de la salud