Trastorno del espectro autista y mascotas: una revisión sistemática
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2021-10-21
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Jaén: Universidad de Jaén
Resumen
El objetivo de este trabajo es una revisión bibliográfica sobre el papel de los animales de compañía en familias con algún miembro con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). Identificamos un total de 15 estudios realizados en los últimos 10 años, y obtenidos con el método PRISMA a través de la base de datos Scopus y ProQuest. Los resultados mostraron un mayor número de estudios de metodología cuantitativa y concentrados en países como Estados Unidos y Reino Unido. Todos ellos muestran resultados positivos derivados del vínculo humano-animal, como la facilitación del aprendizaje, una reducción de las conductas problemáticas, un aumento de las conductas prosociales, y menores niveles de ansiedad y estrés. A pesar ello, en su mayoría están limitados por deficiencias metodológicas, de las que destacamos los sesgos en la percepción de los participantes, el tamaño de las muestras y la ausencia de diseños de intervención aleatroizados.
This master’s final project deals with the presence of pets in families with a member with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We compile the results and the principal findings of a total of 15 studies carried out in the last 10 years, from a systematic search using the PRISMA method through the Scopus database and those databases contained in ProQuest. The results showed a greater number of quantitative methodology studies that were concentrated in countries such as the United States or the United Kingdom. All of them show positive results derived from the human-animal bond, such as a facilitation of learning, a reduction in problematic behaviours, an increase in pro-social behaviours, and lower levels of anxiety and stress. Nevertheless, they were in their majority limited by methodological weaknesses, highlighting the bias of the participants’ perception, the size of the samples, and the lack of randomized intervention designs.
This master’s final project deals with the presence of pets in families with a member with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). We compile the results and the principal findings of a total of 15 studies carried out in the last 10 years, from a systematic search using the PRISMA method through the Scopus database and those databases contained in ProQuest. The results showed a greater number of quantitative methodology studies that were concentrated in countries such as the United States or the United Kingdom. All of them show positive results derived from the human-animal bond, such as a facilitation of learning, a reduction in problematic behaviours, an increase in pro-social behaviours, and lower levels of anxiety and stress. Nevertheless, they were in their majority limited by methodological weaknesses, highlighting the bias of the participants’ perception, the size of the samples, and the lack of randomized intervention designs.