Metodologías más sostenibles para la determinación de la capacidad antioxidante de residuos agroalimentarios
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2024-09-06
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La industria agroalimentaria genera diversos residuos, esto es inevitable debido a la cantidad de procesos por los que debe pasar una materia prima para llegar a producirse a partir de ella un producto apto para el consumo humano. Las metodologías convencionales de extracción han sido ampliamente utilizadas en la caracterización de compuestos antioxidantes en muestras agroalimentarias, pero a menudo implican el uso de disolventes orgánicos tóxicos y procesos largos que pueden tener un impacto ambiental significativo. Sin embargo, los disolventes eutécticos profundos (DES) y loa disolventes eutécticos profundos naturales (NADES) son alternativas verdes y sostenibles que se han propuesto recientemente como solventes más seguros y amigables con el medio ambiente. En este Trabajo Fin de Grado se ha llevado a cabo una revisión bibliográfica centrada en la evaluación de varios parámetros, como la eficiencia de extracción, la selectividad y la capacidad para preservar los compuestos antioxidantes presentes en los residuos agroalimentarios como el kiwi, naranja, arándano, cereza, uva y aceituna.
The agri-food industry generates various waste, this is inevitable due to the number of processes that a raw material must go through in order to produce a product suitable for human consumption from it. Conventional extraction methodologies have been widely used in characterizing antioxidant compounds in agri-food samples but often involve the use of toxic organic solvents and lengthy processes that can have a significant environmental impact. In contrast, DES and NADES are green and sustainable alternatives that have recently been proposed as safer and more environmentally friendly solvents. In this Final Degree Project, a literature review has been carried out focusing on the evaluation of several parameters, such as extraction efficiency, selectivity and the ability to preserve antioxidant compounds present in agri-food residues such as kiwi, orange, blueberry, cherry, grape and olive.
The agri-food industry generates various waste, this is inevitable due to the number of processes that a raw material must go through in order to produce a product suitable for human consumption from it. Conventional extraction methodologies have been widely used in characterizing antioxidant compounds in agri-food samples but often involve the use of toxic organic solvents and lengthy processes that can have a significant environmental impact. In contrast, DES and NADES are green and sustainable alternatives that have recently been proposed as safer and more environmentally friendly solvents. In this Final Degree Project, a literature review has been carried out focusing on the evaluation of several parameters, such as extraction efficiency, selectivity and the ability to preserve antioxidant compounds present in agri-food residues such as kiwi, orange, blueberry, cherry, grape and olive.